It could be a year or several years, it depends on how you use it, how much you brake and maintenance. The answer is definitely not forever: it's not a diamond. Like any mechanical component, it is subject to wear but giving a timescale is impossible.
WHEN TO CHANGE A MTB BRAKE DISC?
How to understand if it's time to change your MTB disc? With the naked eye it is possible to get a rough idea but only by being precise can you arrive at a definitive answer, that is, by calculating the thickness of the disc with a caliper.
THICKNESS OF MTB DISCS
The thickness of the discs is not standard but is around 2mm in the best products, up to 3mm in the most extreme models. In many discs we find engraved the minimum wear value tolerated by the product, i.e. the minimum thickness beyond which the brand does not take responsibility for any breakages (usually it is around a wear of 0,5mm from the original value).
If we are below this value, the disc must be changed immediately to avoid risking a situation like the photo below 🙂
BENT ROTOR
If the disc is crooked and can no longer be brought into line (with the relevant tool), it must be changed. This happens either when the disc is very worn, and therefore easily loses centering once heated, or after accidental impacts (falls or other).
CONTAMINATION
However, it may happen that the disc becomes contaminated with oil or other products. It often happens that the discs make noise (“scream”) and the bike brakes little. In this case it is not necessary to replace the disc but the problem can be solved by cleaning it with Isopropyl alcohol/specific products and drying with a clean cloth.
HOW TO CLEAN MTB BRAKE DISCS
WHICH PADS TO USE?
Before choosing the new disc, read the product details carefully: if you see "Resin Pad Only" printed on the disc, it means that you will only have to use resin pads. If you use metal or sintered pads in products of this type, they can create wear or overheating problems and even ruin the disc itself.
PADS: ORGANIC, METALLIC OR CERAMIC?
FURTHER LINKS
Here you can find other articles dedicated to maintenance -> Heading 365myarrangement